Express Entry grants permanent residence directly, without a temporary permit first.
Permanent residence: 0 years. Express Entry and provincial nominations give permanent residence on arrival; temporary workers can apply after gaining Canadian experience.
Citizenship: 3 years. 1,095 days of physical presence in the last 5 years as a permanent resident.
| Route | Valid for | Fee |
|---|---|---|
| Express Entry Online pool for skilled workers ranked by points (age, education, language, experience). Top scorers are invited to apply for permanent residence. | Permanent residence | — |
| Provincial Nominee Program Provinces nominate people who fit their local labour needs, often with a job offer there. | Permanent residence | — |
| Employer-specific work permit Usually needs a positive Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) from your employer. | Length of the job offer | — |
| Study permit For admitted students, subject to national caps and a provincial attestation letter. | Length of the programme | — |